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APA Citation Style (7th edition)

Commonly used business resources

Annual report   (Sec. 10.4 #54 APA Publication Manual, p. 330)    

Format

Author. (date). Title of work. Publisher (if not the same as author). URL

Reference
Example

Royal Bank of Canada. (2019). Annual report 2019. https://annualreports.rbc.com/ar2019/

In-text
Example

If you are citing a group author more than once indicate the acronym in the first in-text citation and use the acronym in subsequent citations.

First mention:

(Royal Bank of Canada [RBC], 2019).

Subsequent mention:

(RBC, 2019).

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CPA Canada handbook from Knotia (Sec. 10.3 #47 APA Publication Manual, p. 328)

  • When an online publication is continuously updated & previous versions are not archived, use n.d. as the year of publication and include a retrieval date.
  • If you are providing the Reference to an instructor who also has access to Knotia, they may prefer you provide a direct link e.g. http://edu.knotia.ca/Login/ViewEmailDocument.aspx?uniqID=325081&productID=1&sGotoStr=PS+1000&pageLanguage=en
Format

Author, A.A. (date). Title. Section. In Title of database. URL
Reference
Example

Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada. (n.d.). Public sector accounting standards: Concepts and principles. Sections PS 1000 - PS 1300. In CPA Canada Standards and Guidance Collection. Retrieved October 30, 2020, from https://edu.knotia.ca 

In-text
Example

First mention:

(Canadian Professional Accountants of Canada [CPA], n.d., Section PS 1000 - PS 1300)

Or if using a more specific section then use a more detailed section number like the following:

Subsequent mention:

(CPA, n.d., Section PS 1000.32).

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Conference Board of Canada

  • If there is no individual author then place the Conference Board of Canada in the Author position as a corporate author. You do not need to include the Source when it is the same as the corporate author.
Format

Author, A.A. (date). Title. Publisher. URL. 
Reference Example

Aruda, N. (2019, September 25). Fit for duty: Alcohol and drug testing in Canadian workplaces. Conference Board of Canada. https://www.conferenceboard.ca/e-library/abstract.aspx?did=10460

In-text Example

(Aruda, 2019).

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Country report: Economist Intelligence Unit 

  • You do not need to include the Source or Publisher when it is the same as the corporate author.
Format

Author, A.A. (date). Title. Publisher. URL
Reference
Example

Economist Intelligence Unit. (n.d.). Country: Taiwan. https://country.eiu.com/taiwan

In-text
Example

If you are citing a group author more than once indicate the acronym in the first in-text citation and use the acronym in subsequent citations.

(Economist Intelligence Unit [EIU], n.d.)

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Country report: Library database 

  • When there is no Author, move the title of the entry into the author position.
  • The in-text citation requires every major word in the title entry to be capitalized & within quotations.
Format

Author, A.A. (date). Title of entry. In Title of work. URL
Reference
Example

Executive summary: Vietnam. (2020). In Vietnam Country Monitor (pp. 1–44).

In-text
Example

("Executive Summary," 2020)

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Statistics Canada data (group author same as the publisher) 

  • For statistical data, it is helpful to include a retrieval date as this type of content can be subject to change. 

  • If you are inserting a table (rather than referring to the data in the text of your paper) then follow the APA guidelines for inserting Images or see Chapter 7 Tables and Figures for more detailed examples, APA Publication Manual, pp.195-250

Format

Author, A.A. (date). Title of work.  URL
Reference
Example

Statistics Canada. (n.d.). Table: 11-10-0022-01 Labour income profile of census families by family type [Data table]. Retrieved June 19, 2020, from https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1110002201

Statistics Canada. (2020, December 22). The assets, debts, and net worth of Canadian families, 2019 [Infographic]. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11-627-m/11-627-m2020089-eng.htm

In-text
Example

(Statistics Canada, n.d.)

(Statistics Canada, 2020).

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Statista entry

  • It is not necessary to include the source Statista when they are also the author.
  • For statistical data, it is helpful to include a retrieval date as this type of content can be subject to change.
Format

Author. (year, month day). Title [format if relevant]. Publisher. URL
Reference Example

Consumer market report:

Statista. (n.d.). Coffee market in Canada. https://www.statista.com/study/35308/coffee-market-in-canada-statista-dossier/

Statistical graph:

Grocery Business. (2019, December 13). Dollar sales share of coffee in Canada in 2019, by product segment [Graph]. Statista. Retrieved June 11, 2020, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1088024/coffee-category-sales-share-canada/

In-text
Example

(Statista, n.d., p. 55)

(Grocery Business, 2019).

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SWOT Analysis from Business Source Ultimate

  • MarketLine is the author of most SWOTs in our Business Source Ultimate database. 
Format

Author. (year, month day). Title.  URL (if requested by your instructor)
Reference
Example

MarketLine. (2023, December 11). Air Canada SWOT analysis, 1–8. Business Source Ultimate. https://libsecure.camosun.bc.ca:2443/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bsu&AN=174355146&site=ehost-live

 

In-text
Example

According to the MarketLine (2023) Air Canada SWOT ...

or

(MarketLine, 2023).

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